Heat stress
The response of a plant whose water loss has outrun what its roots can supply: wilting through the hottest part of the day, flower and fruit drop, and stalled growth. A plant that wilts at midday and recovers by evening is showing heat stress rather than drought, and watering it at midday does not address the cause.
What brings it on
Sustained high temperatures, particularly under glass and in containers, where root volume is limited and the compost heats up. Still air makes it worse.
source
Sourced guidancemoderate confidence
- Royal Horticultural Society: Heat and drought stress
Checked 2026-08-13
Usually seen: June, July, August
Preventing it
Ordered by how much difference each measure actually makes, not by how often it is repeated.
- Ventilate and shade greenhouses in hot spells, and move vulnerable containers into afternoon shade. Mulching keeps root temperatures down as well as conserving moisture.
source
Sourced guidancehigh confidence
- Royal Horticultural Society: Greenhouse management
Checked 2026-08-13
Dealing with it once it is there
- Water thoroughly in the early morning or evening rather than at midday, and shade the plant during the hottest hours. Recovery by evening without watering confirms heat rather than drought.
source
Sourced guidancemoderate confidence
- Royal Horticultural Society: Heat and drought stress
Checked 2026-08-13
Signs that lead here
Each of these lists the other things that produce the same sign, and how to tell them apart.
On sprays and treatments
GrowingHQ does not tell anyone what to apply, at what rate, or how often. Pesticide approvals differ by country, change without notice, and the product label is legally binding — it is also the document you are holding. What is described here is cultural and physical control, which is what a home grower can act on without a label in front of them.
Plant-specific guides
Where this is one of several causes that look alike on a particular plant, GrowingHQ publishes the differential rather than the general answer.
- Chilli pepper: leaves rolling or curling inwards
- Courgette: plant wilting although the soil is moist
- Cucumber: plant wilting although the soil is moist
- Rhubarb: plant running up to flower before it is ready to eat
- Spinach: plant running up to flower before it is ready to eat
- Tomato: leaves rolling or curling inwards