GrowingHQ

Climbers

12 climbers, grouped by what they hold on with. That single fact decides what you have to build, and it is the thing nursery labels answer least well.

Buy the support before you buy the plant

Three of the four mechanisms below need something built for them, and they do not need the same thing. A twining stem has to be able to wrap all the way round its support, so it will climb a wire and fail completely on a 40 mm trellis batten. A tendril grips something thin it can coil on. A scrambler has no attachment organ at all and must be tied in by hand every year for as long as you own it. Only the self-clinging group needs nothing — and for those a trellis is money spent on an object the plant will ignore.

How climbers hold on, and what each one needs builtFour panels comparing climbing mechanisms. Self-clinging: a stem against a wall with short adventitious rootlets gripping the surface directly, needing no structure. Twining: a stem spiralling around a thin vertical wire, which fails if the support is too thick to encircle. Tendrils: a thin coiling tendril wrapped around a wire or mesh, which cannot grip a flat trellis slat. Scrambling: a straight stem beside a support with a tie holding the two together, because the plant has no means of attachment and must be tied in for its whole life.Self-clingingTwiningTendrilsScramblingrootletsstem windstendril gripsyou tie itYou build:NothingA sound wall isall it needs.You build:Wires or thin postsStems wind round.Too thick, they cannot.You build:Mesh or wireLeaf stalks grip.A flat slat defeats them.You build:Wires and string, foreverNo mechanism at all.You are the mechanism.
Read the mechanism and the shopping list follows from it. Buying a twiner for a flat-slatted trellis, or a scrambler with nothing to tie it to, is the commonest and most expensive climber mistake there is.

What each one holds on with

Read your own wall or fence first, then this column. The support note on each row is what to actually buy.

12 climbers by climbing method
ClimberHolds on byVigourFoliage
Armand clematisTendrils or leaf stalks — needs mesh or wire to gripRampantEvergreen
ClematisTendrils or leaf stalks — needs mesh or wire to gripVigorousnot recorded
Climbing hydrangeaSelf-clinging — needs no support structureVigorousDeciduous
Evergreen climbing hydrangeaSelf-clinging — needs no support structureRestrainedEvergreen
Henry's honeysuckleTwining — needs wires or thin supports to wrap aroundVigorousEvergreen
HoneysuckleTwining — needs wires or thin supports to wrap aroundVigorousDeciduous
HoyaTwining — needs wires or thin supports to wrap aroundRestrainedEvergreen
IvySelf-clinging — needs no support structureVigorousEvergreen
PassionflowerTendrils or leaf stalks — needs mesh or wire to gripVigorousSemi-evergreen
Star jasmineTwining — needs wires or thin supports to wrap aroundModerateEvergreen
Virginia creeperSelf-clinging — needs no support structureRampantDeciduous
WisteriaTwining — needs wires or thin supports to wrap aroundRampantDeciduous

The ones that need nothing built

Self-clinging climbers grip a sound surface directly with aerial rootlets or adhesive pads.

The recurring question about these is whether they damage the wall. The short answer is that on sound masonry in good pointing they generally do not, and there is reasonable evidence ivy buffers a wall against driving rain and temperature swings; on failing render or perished mortar they enlarge defects that were already there. The damage that actually costs money is in gutters, under tiles and around window frames rather than on the wall face. Each profile says which applies.

Evergreen climbers

Almost always the point. A climber bought to hide something and chosen without checking this hides it for seven months of the year.

7 of the 12 hold their leaves. 1Clematis — carry no foliage value at all, and that is deliberate rather than a gap: the record is authored at genus level and the genus contains both evergreen and herbaceous species, so no single answer is true of it. Unrecorded stays unrecorded rather than being rounded to whichever value would look tidier.

7 plants
PlantFoliageIn a container
Armand clematisClematis armandiiEvergreenNot a realistic container plant
Evergreen climbing hydrangeaPileostegia viburnoidesEvergreenNot a realistic container plant
Henry's honeysuckleLonicera henryiEvergreenWorkable in a container, with conditions
HoyaHoya carnosaEvergreenGood in a container long-term
IvyHedera helixEvergreenGood in a container long-term
Star jasmineTrachelospermum jasminoidesEvergreenGood in a container long-term
PassionflowerPassiflora caeruleaSemi-evergreenWorkable in a container, with conditions

Climbers for a shady wall

The north or east fence is where most climbers are actually wanted, and where the choice is narrowest.

6 of the 12 tolerate a wall that gets no direct sun, which is an unusually even split for a garden question and the reason climbers for a north-facing wall publishes as a list of its own. The rest will climb there and sulk, or climb there and never flower.

6 plants
PlantFoliageIn a container
Climbing hydrangeaHydrangea anomala subsp. petiolarisDeciduousNot a realistic container plant
Evergreen climbing hydrangeaPileostegia viburnoidesEvergreenNot a realistic container plant
Henry's honeysuckleLonicera henryiEvergreenWorkable in a container, with conditions
HoneysuckleLonicera periclymenumDeciduousWorkable in a container, with conditions
IvyHedera helixEvergreenGood in a container long-term
Virginia creeperParthenocissus quinquefoliaDeciduousNot a realistic container plant

How much plant you are actually buying

The second question after the mechanism, and the one behind most climber regret. A rampant climber on an undersized structure does not simply get too big — it pulls the structure down.

Restrained — suits a small structure2

Safe against a porch, an obelisk in a pot, or a low fence. Slow to fill a space, which is a virtue where the space is small.

Moderate — a normal fence or arch holds it1

The comfortable middle. An ordinary trellis or arch is enough, and annual pruning is tidying rather than damage control.

Vigorous — needs a substantial support and annual attention6

Fine on a house wall with proper wires, a mistake on a fence panel. Budget for cutting it back every year for as long as you own it.

Rampant — will overwhelm anything undersized3

These are for a big wall, a large pergola or a tree you do not mind losing. Every one of them is routinely sold to somebody with a six-foot fence.

Climbers in a pot

Shown at the inclusive setting, since a climber in a container is nearly always a conditional answer — the condition being water.

A vigorous climber in a pot is a plant with a large canopy and a small reservoir, and it will need watering in summer more often than anything else on a patio. The restrained ones are the honest recommendations here.

7 plants
PlantFoliageIn a container
HoyaHoya carnosaEvergreenGood in a container long-term
IvyHedera helixEvergreenGood in a container long-term
Star jasmineTrachelospermum jasminoidesEvergreenGood in a container long-term
ClematisClematisnot recordedWorkable in a container, with conditions
Henry's honeysuckleLonicera henryiEvergreenWorkable in a container, with conditions
HoneysuckleLonicera periclymenumDeciduousWorkable in a container, with conditions
PassionflowerPassiflora caeruleaSemi-evergreenWorkable in a container, with conditions

Climbers with recorded wildlife value

Ivy is the standout, and its value depends entirely on being allowed to grow old.

Ivy only flowers once it makes adult growth at the top of its climb, so a plant clipped hard every year never reaches that stage and feeds nothing. Its flowers are among the last nectar of the year and its berries ripen when bird food is scarcest — the two moments a garden is least able to supply.

Ready-made lists from this group

Published only where the filter genuinely narrows the group.

Every climber, compared

12 plants
PlantFoliageIn a container
Armand clematisClematis armandiiEvergreenNot a realistic container plant
ClematisClematisnot recordedWorkable in a container, with conditions
Climbing hydrangeaHydrangea anomala subsp. petiolarisDeciduousNot a realistic container plant
Evergreen climbing hydrangeaPileostegia viburnoidesEvergreenNot a realistic container plant
Henry's honeysuckleLonicera henryiEvergreenWorkable in a container, with conditions
HoneysuckleLonicera periclymenumDeciduousWorkable in a container, with conditions
HoyaHoya carnosaEvergreenGood in a container long-term
IvyHedera helixEvergreenGood in a container long-term
PassionflowerPassiflora caeruleaSemi-evergreenWorkable in a container, with conditions
Star jasmineTrachelospermum jasminoidesEvergreenGood in a container long-term
Virginia creeperParthenocissus quinquefoliaDeciduousNot a realistic container plant
WisteriaWisteria sinensisDeciduousNot a realistic container plant

Know the position rather than the plant? What can I grow? takes your light, soil, space and month and answers from this same catalogue — including which climbers it rules out for you and why.

Pruning a clematis is the one job here where getting the group wrong removes the whole year’s flowers — the clematis profile sets out the three groups and what each one wants.